Learn about
Syphilis
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Known for its distinct stages, syphilis can affect multiple organs and lead to severe complications if left untreated. Early detection and treatment are critical to prevent long-term health issues. Syphilis remains a global public health concern, particularly in sexually active individuals.
Syphilis Symptoms
Syphilis progresses through several stages, each with its symptoms:
Primary Stage: A painless sore (chancre) appears at the site of infection, often unnoticed.
Secondary Stage: Symptoms include skin rashes, swollen lymph nodes, fever, and hair loss.
Latent Stage: No visible symptoms occur, but the infection remains in the body.
Tertiary Stage: If untreated, this stage can cause severe damage to the heart, brain, and other organs.
Syphilis Transmission
Syphilis spreads through direct contact with a syphilitic sore during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. It can also be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, causing congenital syphilis, which may lead to stillbirth or severe health problems in the infant.
Syphilis Treatment
Syphilis is treated with antibiotics, most commonly a single dose of intramuscular penicillin for early stages. Advanced stages may require additional doses. Prompt treatment halts disease progression and prevents further complications.
Syphilis Health Risks
If untreated, syphilis can lead to severe complications such as neurosyphilis (brain and nervous system damage), cardiovascular problems, blindness, and even death. Congenital syphilis poses significant health risks to infants.
Syphilis Prevention
Consistently use condoms or dental dams during all sexual activities, avoid contact with individuals who have visible sores, get tested regularly for STIs if you have multiple partners, and ensure pregnant women undergo routine syphilis screening.
Syphilis Diagnosis
Syphilis is diagnosed through blood tests or direct examination of sores. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.
Syphilis Complications
Late-stage syphilis can result in irreversible damage to vital organs, including the heart, brain, and spinal cord. Congenital syphilis in newborns can cause developmental issues, blindness, or death.
Syphilis Post-Diagnosis Advice
Inform all recent sexual partners about the diagnosis so they can seek testing and treatment. Complete the full treatment course and avoid sexual activity until the infection is cleared. Regular follow-up testing is recommended to ensure successful treatment.
Syphilis FAQ
Can syphilis be cured?
Yes, with appropriate antibiotics, syphilis can be fully cured.
How soon after treatment can I resume sexual activity?
Wait until your healthcare provider confirms the infection has cleared, typically 7-14 days after treatment.